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Each tablet contains:
Composition:
Isoniazid
(INH).................................................................300
mg
Indications:
Tuberculosis in children. Prophylaxis in children in contact
with open cases.
Description:
Mechanism of action Isoniazid is a prodrug and must be
activated by bacterial catalase. The active form
inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid in the
mycobacterial cell wall. Isoniazid reaches therapeutic
concentrations in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and
within caseous granulomas. Isoniazid is metabolized in
the liver via acetylation. There are two forms of the
enzyme responsible for acetylation, so that some
patients metabolize the drug quicker than others. Hence,
the half-life is bimodal with peaks at 1 hour and 3
hours in the US population. The metabolites are excreted
in the urine. Doses do not usually have to be adjusted
in case of renal failure. Isoniazid is bactericidal to
rapidly-dividing mycobacteria, but is bacteriostatic if
the mycobacterium is slow-growing. Side effects Adverse
reactions include rash, abnormal liver function tests,
hepatitis, sideroblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy,
mild central nervous system (CNS) effects, and drug
interactions resulting in increased phenytoin (Dilantin)
or disulfiram (Antabuse) levels. Peripheral neuropathy
and CNS effects are associated with the use of isoniazid
and are due to pyridoxine (vitamin B6) depletion, but
are uncommon at doses of 5 mg/kg. Persons with
conditions in which neuropathy is common (e.g.,
diabetes, uremia, alcoholism, malnutrition,
HIV-infection), as well as pregnant women and persons
with a seizure disorder, may be given pyridoxine
(vitamin B6) (10-50 mg/day) with isoniazid. Hepatoxicity
can be avoided with close Clinical monitoring of the
patient, Specifically Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal pain
and appetite. INH therapy will also decrease the
efficacy of hormonal birth control.
Side effects
Adverse reactions include
rash,
abnormal
liver function tests,
hepatitis,
sideroblastic anemia,
peripheral neuropathy,
mild
central nervous system
(CNS) effects, and drug
interactions
resulting in increased
phenytoin (Dilantin)
or
disulfiram (Antabuse)
levels.
Peripheral neuropathy
and
CNS effects
are associated with the use of isoniazid and are due to
pyridoxine
(vitamin B6) depletion, but are uncommon at doses of 5
mg/kg. Persons with conditions in which neuropathy is
common (e.g.,
diabetes,
uremia,
alcoholism,
malnutrition,
HIV-infection),
as well as
pregnant
women and persons with a
seizure
disorder, may be given
pyridoxine
(vitamin B6) (10-50 mg/day) with isoniazid.
Hepatoxicity can be avoided with close Clinical
monitoring of the patient, Specifically Nausea,
Vomiting, Abdominal pain and appetite.
INH therapy will also decrease the efficacy of hormonal
birth control.
Dosage : Adults: 3-5mg/kg body-wt. upto 300mg
daily in a single dose.
Children: 10-20mg/kg body-wt. daily in single
doses.
Presentations:
10 tablets
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4.95 3.96
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